磺化紫草色素对羊毛织物染色性能的优化研究

本文研究了从紫草中提取紫草色素、磺化紫草染色工艺的优化以及环境友好媒染剂对染色性能的影响结果表明,在乙醇和正己烷提取紫草色素的基础上,通过磺化处理获得二种染料A和染料B.通过二次通用旋转组合设计,得出羊毛织物的优化染色工艺:染料A:pH 3.8,87℃以及53 min;染料B:pH4.3,94℃和60 min.在相同的染色条件下,染料A的比染料B的染色深度高.采用Al3+、Mg2+、Fe2+、Fe3+等媒染剂进行后媒处理,证明媒染剂对染料B的效果更明显.另外,对于染料A和染料B染色羊毛织物,Fe3+对K/S值以及彩度具有更明显的作用.     

基于卷积神经网络的水下湍流探测技术

针对水下湍流的复杂性和多变性对水下航行器性能和姿态控制产生的挑战,提出使用卷积神经网络来测量水下湍流的温差耗散率XT。首先,采用功率谱反演法和惠更斯-菲涅尔原理仿真生成了受水下湍流影响的散斑图像数据集。随后,利用卷积神经网络提取这些受湍流影响的散斑图像中的特征信息,并对温差耗散率XT进行估计。最后,通过现场实验数据集验证了所提出方法的可行性。实验结果表明,所提出的神经网络在实地实验数据集和模拟仿真数据集上表现出相似的分类精度和损失曲线,其测量准确率分别为98.8%和99.2%。这一研究为水下环境监测和资源勘探领域提供了重要的参考,对于光学图像处理和湍流研究等相关领域具有实际意义。     

Universal spin-dependent variable range hopping in wide-band-gap oxide ferromagnetic semiconductors

This paper proposes a universal spin-dependent variable range hopping theoretical model to describe various experimental transport phenomena observed in wide-band-gap oxide ferromagnetic semiconductors with high transition metal concentration. The contributions of the `hard gap' energy, Coulomb interaction, correlation energy, and exchange interaction to the electrical transport are considered in the universal variable range hopping theoretical model. By fitting the temperature and magnetic field dependence of the experimental sheet resistance to the theoretical model, the spin polarization ratio of electrical carriers near the Fermi level and interactions between electrical carriers can be obtained.     

Propagation of high-power partially coherent fibre laser beams in a real environment

The propagation performance of high-power partially coherent fibre laser beams in a real environment is investigated and the theoretical model of a high-power fibre laser propagating in a real environment is established. The influence of a collimating system and thermal blooming is considered together with atmospheric turbulence and mechanical jitter. The laser energy concentration of partially coherent beams in the far field is calculated and analysed based on the theoretical model. It is shown that the propagation performance of partially coherent beams depends on the collimating system, atmospheric turbulence, mechanical jitter and thermal blooming. The propagation performance of partially coherent beams and fully coherent beams is studied and the results show that partially coherent beams are less sensitive to the influence of thermal blooming, which results in that the energy degeneration for partially coherent beams is only 50% of that for fully coherent beams. Both partially coherent beams and fully coherent beams become less sensitive to thermal blooming when the average structural constant of the refraction index fluctuations increases to 1.7 × 10^-14 m^-2/3. The investigation presents a reference for applications of a high-power fibre laser system.     

镁热还原法制备圆片状氮化硼多晶微粉

采用三氧化二硼(B₂O₃)、氯化铵(NH₄Cl)和镁粉为反应物, 以三氧化二铁(Fe₂O₃)为催化剂, 利用镁热还原法在700～850 ℃下反应, 制备了氮化硼多晶微粉. X射线衍射(XRD)分析表明, 产物为六方相, 晶格常数a=0.2499 nm, c=0.6682 nm. 产物的红外光谱中在790和1380 cm^-1处出现了六方氮化硼的特征吸收峰. 利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察到产物为圆片状颗粒, 平均直径约为0.9 μm, 平均厚度约为100 nm. 讨论了Fe2O3的存在对产物形成的影响.     

β-AgVO3一维材料的制备及其光学性能

以AgNO3和 NH4VO3为原料,采用水热法,通过调控反应体系pH值,制备了β-AgVO3纳米线、亚微米线及微米棒.采用X射线衍射(XRD)和场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)对样品的组成和表面形貌进行了表征.紫外-可见光吸收测试表明所制得的不同尺寸的β-AgVO3一维材料均具有较宽的紫外-可见光吸收范围,通过计算得出β-AgVO3纳米线、亚微米线及微米棒的光学带隙分别为2.21 eV,2.17 eV和2.12 eV.     

浙江省患病凡纳对虾副溶血弧菌的分离、鉴定及毒力基因分析

对浙江省发病凡纳对虾进行了弧菌分离、鉴定, 对分离菌株进行了API-20E生化鉴定, 不耐热毒素基因tlh、致病基因tdh、trh和毒力基因pir的PCR检测, 以及高致病性副溶血弧菌对小鼠致病性研究结果显示, 150个分离菌株中共检出tlh基因菌株61株(40.67%), ap阳性菌株21株(14.00%); 189个固定样品中检出副溶血弧菌阳性样品108个(57.14%), ap阳性样品24个(12.70%); 所有tlh阳性样品中均未检出tdh、trh毒力基因; ap阳性副溶血弧菌灌胃小鼠死亡率为20%, 且其培养上清液有弱溶血效价. 表明副溶血弧菌在浙江省凡纳对虾弧菌感染中占有重要地位, 高致病性副溶血弧菌在副溶血弧菌中占较高比例, ap阳性副溶血弧菌对小鼠具有一定毒力和溶血性.     

Electrical property effect of oxygen vacancies in the heterojunction of LaGaO_3/SrTiO_3

Density functional theory within the local density approximation is used to investigate the effect of the oxygen vacancy on the LaGaO_3/SrTiO_3(001) heterojunction. It is found that the energy favorable configuration is the oxygen vacancy located at the 3~(rd) layer of the STO substrate, and the antiferrodistortive distortion is induced by the oxygen vacancy introduced on the SrTiO_3 side. Compared with the heterojunction without introducing oxygen vacancy, the heterojunction with introducing the oxygen vacancy does not change the origin of the two-dimensional electron gas(2DEG), that is, the 2DEG still originates from the d_(xy) electrons, which are split from the t~(2g) states of Ti atom at interface; however the oxygen vacancy is not beneficial to the confinement of the 2DEG. The extra electrons caused by the oxygen vacancy dominantly occupy the 3d_(x~2-y~2) orbitals of the Ti atom nearest to the oxygen vacancy, thus the density of carrier is enhanced by one order of magnitude due to the introduction of oxygen vacancy compared with the density of the ideal structure heterojunction.     

Angle-resolved x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of GeO_x growth by plasma post-oxidation

The growth process of GeO_x films formed by plasma post-oxidation(PPO) at room temperature(RT) is investigated using angle-resolved x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(AR-XPS). The experimental results show that the distributions of the Ge~(4+)states, a mixture of the Ge_(2+)and Ge~(3+)states, and the Ge~(1+)states are localized from the GeO_x surface to the GeO_x/Ge interface. Moreover, the Ge~(1+)states are predominant when the two outermost layers of Ge atoms are oxidized.These findings are helpful for establishing in-depth knowledge of the growth mechanism of the GeO_x layer and valuable for the optimization of Ge-based gate stacks for future complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor(MOS) field-effect transistor(CMOSFET) devices.     

高效抗菌Cu2+-壳聚糖季铵盐/丙烯酸复合物的制备

以过硫酸铵为引发剂,在壳聚糖季铵盐（HACC）上接枝丙烯酸（AAc）并络合Cu²⁺,制备了具有高效抗菌性能的HACC-g-PAAc-Cu²⁺复合物.采用红外光谱（FTIR）和核磁共振波谱（¹H NMR）表征了壳聚糖季铵盐接枝改性前后的化学结构变化;利用紫外-可见吸收光谱（UV-Vis）、Cu²⁺选择电极和热失重分析（TGA）表征了壳聚糖季铵盐接枝前后负载Cu²⁺的能力;测定了HACC-Cu²⁺和HACC-g-PAAc-Cu²⁺对金黄色葡萄球菌及大肠杆菌的最小抑菌浓度,并对小鼠经口摄入毒性和兔皮肤敷涂刺激性进行了考察.研究结果表明,在壳聚糖季铵盐上负载Cu²⁺能够有效提高其抗菌性;接枝丙烯酸能提高HACC负载Cu²⁺的能力和抗菌性,Cu/HACC结构单元的摩尔比由接枝前的3：7提高到接枝后的1：1;对金黄色葡萄球菌的最小抑菌浓度由60 mg/L下降到9.2 mg/L,对大肠杆菌的最小抑菌浓度由37 mg/L下降到6.3 mg/L,无摄入毒性和皮肤刺激性.